|
作者:石呈祥 来源:中国戏剧场 时间:2005-12-30 20:18:51 |
|
细节仍不清楚,三种文献对评选活动的介绍有许多地方不一致,令人对错难辨。为了彻底弄清事实真相,笔者找到了那两份资料。从这几篇资料可以得出以下几点结论:
第一。1927年《顺天时报》举办的京剧评选活动。其目的是“鼓吹新剧,奖励艺员”,其主要内容是“五大名伶新剧夺魁投票”,即由读者投票选举五位京剧名伶所演的新剧目,“就名伶新剧中选出最杰作者”,而并非选举“四大名旦”。
第二,这次选举并非“不限名额”或“未指定名额”,而是事先限定了五大名伶的人选和他们所演的新剧,每人各五出,规定从每位名伶的五出剧目中选出“认为最杰作者”一出。名伶新剧得票最多的一出当选。选票上只印了五位名伶的姓名,排列顺序是梅兰芳、尚小云、荀慧生、程艳秋、徐碧云。选票上没有说明可以另选他人,也未留供补填人选的空格。
第三,同年7月23日公布的投票结果是选出五大名伶的五出新剧,梅兰芳的《太真外传》(得票1774张)、尚小云的《摩登伽女》(得票6628张)、荀慧生的《丹青引》(得票1254张)、程艳秋的《红拂传》(得票4785张)、徐碧云的《绿珠》(得票1709张)当选。所以说,此次评选活动的结果不是产生“五大名旦”,所谓梅、程、荀、尚、徐“荣膺”“五大名旦”的提法是不对的。
第四,这次活动不是竞争性质的,“毫无竞争各伶间票数多寡之趣旨”,故公布选举结果时,五大名伶的排列顺序与选票相同,而与各伶得票数目多少无关(若按得票多寡排序,应为尚、程、梅、徐、荀),更谈不上什么“角逐较量”。
造成这一重要史实错误的主要原因是由于此事距今已有数十年,原始资料一般人不易见到,只能依据第二手资料,结果是辗转相传,越来越离谱,现在应当还其本来面目。根据“实事求是”的原则,以前长期流行的“1927年由《顺天时报》发起,选举产生四大名旦”的种种说法实属误传,应予以否定。 上一页 [1] [2]
 <%
Function googleColor(value, random)
Dim colorArray
colorArray = Split(value, ",")
googleColor = colorArray(random Mod (UBound(colorArray) + 1))
End Function
Function googleScreenRes()
Dim screenRes, delimiter, resArray
screenRes = Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_UA_PIXELS")
delimiter = "x"
If IsEmpty(screenRes) Then
screenRes = Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_X_UP_DEVCAP_SCREENPIXELS")
delimiter = ","
End If
resArray = Split(screenRes, delimiter, 2)
If (UBound(resArray) + 1) = 2 Then
googleScreenRes = "&u_w=" & resArray(0) & "&u_h=" & resArray(1)
End If
End Function
Function googleDcmguid()
Dim dcmguid
dcmguid = Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_X_DCMGUID")
If Not IsEmpty(dcmguid) Then
googleDcmguid = "&dcmguid=" & dcmguid
End If
End Function
Dim googleTime, googleDt, googleScheme, googleHost
googleTime = DateDiff("s", "01/01/1970 00:00:00", Now())
googleDt = (1000 * googleTime) + Round(1000 * (Timer - Int(Timer)))
googleScheme = "http://"
If StrComp(Request.ServerVariables("HTTPS"), "on") = 0 Then googleScheme = "https://"
googleHost = Server.URLEncode(googleScheme & Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_HOST"))
Dim googleAdUrl, googleAdOutput
googleAdUrl = "http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/ads?" &_
"ad_type=text_image" &_
"&channel=" &_
"&client=ca-mb-pub-5471301711049016" &_
"&color_border=" & googleColor("336699", googleTime) &_
"&color_bg=" & googleColor("FFFFFF", googleTime) &_
"&color_link=" & googleColor("0000FF", googleTime) &_
"&color_text=" & googleColor("000000", googleTime) &_
"&color_url=" & googleColor("008000", googleTime) &_
"&dt=" & googleDt &_
"&format=mobile_single" &_
"&host=" & googleHost &_
"&ip=" & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("REMOTE_ADDR")) &_
"&markup=xhtml" &_
"&oe=utf8" &_
"&output=xhtml" &_
"&ref=" & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_REFERER")) &_
"&url=" & googleHost & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("URL")) &_
"&useragent=" & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_USER_AGENT")) &_
googleScreenRes() &_
googleDcmguid()
Set googleAdOutput = Server.CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP")
googleAdOutput.Open "GET", googleAdUrl, false
googleAdOutput.Send
Response.Write(googleAdOutput.responseText)
%><%
Function googleColor(value, random)
Dim colorArray
colorArray = Split(value, ",")
googleColor = colorArray(random Mod (UBound(colorArray) + 1))
End Function
Function googleScreenRes()
Dim screenRes, delimiter, resArray
screenRes = Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_UA_PIXELS")
delimiter = "x"
if IsEmpty(screenRes) Then
screenRes = Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_X_UP_DEVCAP_SCREENPIXELS")
delimiter = ","
end If
resArray = Split(screenRes, delimiter, 2)
if (UBound(resArray) + 1) = 2 Then
googleScreenRes = "&u_w=" & resArray(0) & "&u_h=" & resArray(1)
end If
End Function
Dim googleTime, googleDt, googleScheme, googleHost
googleTime = DateDiff("s", "01/01/1970 00:00:00", Now())
googleDt = (1000 * googleTime) + Round(1000 * (Timer - Int(Timer)))
googleScheme = "http://"
if StrComp(Request.ServerVariables("HTTPS"), "on") = 0 Then googleScheme = "https://"
googleHost = Server.URLEncode(googleScheme & Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_HOST"))
Dim googleAdUrl, googleAdOutput
googleAdUrl = "http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/ads?" &_
"ad_type=text_image" &_
"&channel=6495040935" &_
"&client=ca-mb-pub-9595218071455095" &_
"&dt=" & googleDt &_
"&format=mobile_single" &_
"&host=" & googleHost &_
"&ip=" & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("REMOTE_ADDR")) &_
"&markup=xhtml" &_
"&oe=utf8" &_
"&output=xhtml" &_
"&ref=" & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_REFERER")) &_
"&url=" & googleHost & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("URL")) &_
"&useragent=" & Server.URLEncode(Request.ServerVariables("HTTP_USER_AGENT")) &_
googleScreenRes()
Set googleAdOutput = Server.CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP")
googleAdOutput.Open "GET", googleAdUrl, false
googleAdOutput.Send
Response.Write(googleAdOutput.responseText)
%> |